Izimoto zikagesi(ama-EVs) aya ngokuya aduma njengoba abantu abaningi bamukela izindlela zokuhamba ezisimeme. Nokho, isici esisodwa sobunikazi be-EV esingaba yindida ubuningi bezinhlobo zezixhumi zokushaja ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuqonda lezi zixhumi, amazinga azo okusebenza, nezindlela zokushaja ezitholakalayo kubalulekile kuzizwisa zokushaja okungenazinkinga.
Amazwe ahlukene emhlabeni wonke amukele izinhlobo zamapulaki wokushaja ahlukahlukene. Ake sihlole ezivame kakhulu:
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamapulaki e-AC:
Uhlobo1(SAE J1772): Isetshenziswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika nase-Japan, izixhumi zohlobo loku-1 zifaka umklamo wamaphini amahlanu. Zikulungele zombili ukushaja i-AC, iletha amandla afinyelela ku-7.4 kW ku-AC.
Uhlobo 2(IEC 62196-2): Ikhonya e-Europe, izixhumi zohlobo lwe-2 ziza ekucushweni kwesigaba esisodwa noma kwezigaba ezintathu. Ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukile okusekela amandla ahlukahlukene wokushaja, lezi zixhumi zinika amandlaUkushaja kwe-ACkusuka ku-3.7 kW kuya ku-22 kW.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-plugs zokushajwa kwe-DC:
I-CCS1(Isistimu Yokushaja Ehlanganisiwe, Uhlobo 1): Ngokusekelwe kusixhumanisi sohlobo 1, uhlobo 1 lwe-CCS luhlanganisa izikhonkwane ezimbili ezengeziwe ukuze kunikwe amandla amandla okushaja okusheshayo e-DC. Lobu buchwepheshe bungaletha amandla afinyelela kwangu-350 kW, zehlise kakhulu izikhathi zokushaja zama-EV ahambisanayo.
I-CCS2(Isistimu Yokushaja Ehlanganisiwe, Uhlobo 2): Ngokufana nohlobo 1 lwe-CCS, lesi sixhumi sisekelwe kumklamo wohlobo 2 futhi sinikeza izinketho ezilula zokushaja zezimoto zikagesi zase-Europe. Ngamandla okushaja okusheshayo e-DC afika ku-350 kW, iqinisekisa ukushaja okusebenzayo kwama-EV ahambisanayo.
I-CHAdeMO:Ithuthukiswe eJapane, izixhumi ze-CHAdeMO zinomklamo oyingqayizivele futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi emazweni ase-Asia. Lezi zixhumi zinikeza i-DC ukushaja okusheshayo kufika ku-62.5 kW, okuvumela izikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana phakathi kwezimoto nengqalasizinda eshajayo, izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zisungule amazinga okusebenza ezixhumi ze-EV. Ukusebenza ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezine:
Imodi 1:Le modi yokushaja eyisisekelo ihlanganisa ukushaja kusetshenziswa isokhethi yasekhaya evamile. Nokho, ayinikezi izici ezithile zokuphepha, okuyenza ibe inketho evikeleke kancane. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yayo, Imodi 1 ayinconyelwe ukushaja okuvamile kwe-EV.
Imodi 2:Ukwakhela ku-Mode 1, Imodi 2 yethula izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe. Ihlanganisa i-EVSE (Izisetshenziswa Zokuhlinzeka Ngezimoto Kagesi) ezinezinhlelo zokulawula nokuvikela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. I-Mode 2 iphinde ivumele ukushaja ngesokhethi evamile, kodwa i-EVSE iqinisekisa ukuphepha kukagesi.
Imodi 3:Imodi 3 ivuselela isistimu yokushaja ngokuhlanganisa iziteshi zokushaja ezizinikele. Incike ohlotsheni oluthile lwesixhumi futhi ihlanganisa amandla okuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nesiteshi sokushaja. Le modi inikeza ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe nokushaja okuthembekile.
Imodi 4:Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, i-Mode 4 igxile ekushajeni okunamandla aphezulu ngaphandle kweshaja ye-evboard. Idinga uhlobo oluthile lwesixhumi ngasinyeisiteshi sokushaja se-ev.
Eceleni kwezinhlobo zezixhumi ezihlukene nezindlela zokuqalisa, kubalulekile ukuqaphela amandla asebenzayo kanye ne-voltage kumodi ngayinye. Lezi zicaciso ziyahlukahluka ezifundeni zonke, okuthinta isivinini nokusebenza kahle kweUkushaja kwe-EV.
Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwe-EV kuqhubeka nokwanda emhlabeni jikelele, imizamo yokwenza izixhumi zokushaja zifane idlondlobala. Umgomo uwukusungula izinga lokushaja elivumela ukusebenzisana okungenazihibe phakathi kwezimoto nengqalasizinda eshajayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikuphi indawo.
Ngokuzijwayeza ngezinhlobo zezixhumi zokushaja ze-EV ezihlukene, amazinga azo okusebenzisa, nezindlela zokushaja, abasebenzisi be-EV bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi olungcono uma kuziwa ekushajeni izimoto zabo. Ngezinketho zokushaja ezenziwe lula, ezijwayelekile, ukushintshela ekuhambeni kukagesi kuba lula kakhulu futhi kuhehe kubantu emhlabeni wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2023